The chimpanzee adenovirus used by Oxford is a vector. There are human adenoviruses, but they selected a chimpanzee adenovirus because many people would have been infected already and many people would have an immune response to the human adenovirus, that means the vaccine will not work. This has been altered and engineered to be defective in replication, so it cannot replicate in the body. The adenovirus used, carries DNA that codes for the spike protein of SARS COV2, and this is also the codes for the mRNA in Pfizer and Moderna vaccine. Thus, via the vaccine injection, the chimpanzee adenovirus enters the human body, it will begin to affect human cells and deposit its genetic material, in which case it is SARS COV2 spike protein DNA. This DNA is stored in the cell and then passes into the nucleus of the cell, where all the human DNA is found. There is no incorporation of DNA from the virus into human DNA, so it remains separate. The SARS COV2 DNA is then transcribed into single-stranded mRNA, which then travels out of the nucleus and into the ribosome, where translation takes place, and several times the SARS COV2 spike protein is produced. The SARS COV2 spike protein would meet the membrane of the human cell. The spike protein on the cell membrane would be identified by specific immune cells, and toxic molecules would be emitted to destroy the cell. This will be recognised by specific other immune cells that go to our lymph channels in our body; they lead back to our lymph nodes containing stores of T cells and B cells waiting to be triggered. The immune cell will bring the spike protein to the lymph nodes and activate the T and B cells, which will begin to proliferate and form an adaptive immune response to the spike protein antigen seen in human cells. It will produce memory cells, which will secrete antibodies that are immunoglobulins that bind to antigens to eliminate them.